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Brown researchers have STAC awards

Two research teams led by Brown faculty members are recipients of Rhode Island Research Alliance Collaborative Research Grants from the Rhode Island Science and Technology Advisory Council (STAC). Jeremy Rich, assistant professor of ecology and environmental biology, will lead a team looking at how whole marine communities respond to ocean acidification.

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Head wins AGU’s N.L. Bowen Award

James W. Head III, the Louis and Elizabeth Scherck Distinguished Professor of Geological Sciences, is the 2013 winner of the Norman L. Bowen Award from the American Geophysical Union. The award, which recognizes outstanding contributions to volcanology, geochemistry, or petrology, will be presented at the AGU’s fall meeting in December.

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Understanding mutant forms of the virus
Mysterious mutants:

A new study shows that common mutant forms of the deadly JC polyomavirus are not responsible for the pathogen’s main attack, which causes a brain-damaging disease in immunocompromised patients called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. But that finding raises the ominous question of what the mutants might be up to instead.

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Research sheds new light on Viking travels in Newfoundland

Kevin Smith, chief curator at Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology at Brown University in Rhode Island has found new information about the movement of the Vikings in Newfoundland and Labrador which suggests they may have moved further inland than previously thought, and may have even travelled to other parts of Atlantic Canada. Smith believes Norsemen may have had contact with the Aboriginal Peoples a thousand years ago. He presented his findings in April at the annual meeting of the Society for American Archaeology.

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Whitehouse, Langevin tour brain science labs
A wireless implantable brain sensor:

To learn more about some of the basic and translational research going on at Brown in different areas of brain science, U.S. Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse and U.S. Rep. Jim Langevin toured labs in Barus and Holley and in Metcalf Laboratory on Friday, June 7, 2013.

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Cost-effective: HIV tests for all in India
Kartik Venkatesh:

A new study using a sophisticated statistical tool, has determined that providing universal HIV testing for India’s billion-plus population every five years would prove to be a cost-effective approach to managing the epidemic, even with more intensive testing for high-risk groups. Results appear in the journal PLoS One.

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BIARI returns June 8-22

The annual Brown International Advanced Research Institutes (BIARI) will take place June 8-22, 2013, with more than 150 participants from around the world taking up residency at Brown to tackle issues of global interest. Participants, who are professionals and young faculty from various industries, come from more than 50 countries, including India, China, Iran, Angola and Turkmenistan.

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Breastfeeding benefits babies’ brains
Support for the developing brain:

A study using brain images from “quiet” MRI machines adds to the growing body of evidence that breastfeeding improves brain development in infants. Breastfeeding alone produced better brain development than a combination of breastfeeding and formula, which produced better development than formula alone.

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A new look at the mechanics of biting

Postdoctoral researcher Nicholas Gidmark's is studying black carp and how their jaw size and strength affects the size of snail they chose to eat. He's shown that these fish will seek out their ideal size meal, which is a demonstration of coevolution.

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Questions for Lundy Braun: Spirometry: A built-in ‘correction’ for race?
Lundy Braun:

The spirometers doctors use to measure lung capacity automatically make “corrections” for the patient’s race. Lundy Braun, professor of medical science at Brown University, has led a systematic review of the research underlying race correction and found that race is rarely defined or skillfully considered. The work, reported in the European Respiratory Journal, raises timely questions about the role of race in medical research.

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White Mountains hikers often underprepared
The young and the compassless:

In a new study based on surveys of hikers in New Hampshire’s White Mountain National Forest, Brown University researchers find that many people hit the trails without essential equipment, often because they don’t think it’s needed for short hikes. Young, inexperienced hikers were most likely to lack essential gear.

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Leon Cooper receives Rosenberger Medal
Leon N Cooper:

Leon N Cooper, a 1972 Nobel laureate in physics for the theory of superconductivity, received the Susan Culver Rosenberger Medal during Brown University's 245th Commencement exercises Sunday, May 26, 2013. The Rosenberger Medal, conferred 29 times since it was created in 1919, is the highest honor the Brown University faculty can give.

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Changes in brain chemistry sustain obesity
Eduardo A. Nillni:

In a new discovery reported in the Journal of Biological Chemistry, Brown University and Lifespan researchers show that in the brain cells of rats, obesity impedes the production of a hormone that curbs appetite and inspires calorie burning. The root cause appears to be a breakdown in the protein-processing mechanism of the cells. In the lab, the researchers showed they could fix the breakdown with drugs.

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