Tables for the AAAH

Conflicts

1880-1889 | 1890-1899 | 1900-1909 | 1910-1919 | 1920-1929 | 1930-1939 | 1940-1949 | 1950-1959 | 1960-1969 | 1970-1979 | 1980-1989 | 1990-1999 | 2000-2002

 Location*Participants
1879
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
South AfricaBritain, Pedi
South AfricaBritain, Zulu
SudanRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
1880-1889
 Location*Participants
1880
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
South AfricaBritain, Boers
Sudan, CARRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
1881
CARRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EgyptVarious Europeans, the Khedive, Locals
EthiopiaArsi, Shoan
Guinea, MaliSamori Touré, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Boers
SudanBritain, Egyptians, Ethiopia, Madhi, Locals
1882
CAR, ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EgyptVarious Europeans, the Khedive, Locals
EthiopiaArsi, Shoan
Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Boers
SudanBritain, Egyptians, Ethiopia, Madhi, Locals
1883
CAR, ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EthiopiaArsi, Shoan
Guinea, MaliSamori Touré, Locals
MadagascarFrance, Merina
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SudanBritain, Egyptians, Ethiopia, Madhi, Locals
1884
CAR, ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EthiopiaArsi, Shoan
Guinea, MaliSamori Touré, Locals
MadagascarFrance, Merina
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SudanBritain, Egyptians, Ethiopia, Madhi, Locals
1885
CAR, ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EthiopiaArsi, Shoan
MadagascarFrance, Merina
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SudanBritain, Egyptians, Ethiopia, Madhi, Locals
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
1886
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EthiopiaArsi, Shoan
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
1887
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
DRCCongo Free State, Tippu Tip
EthiopiaItaly, Britain, Locals
Malawi Britain South Africa Company, Slave Traders
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
1888
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
EthiopiaItaly, Britain, Locals
Malawi Britain South Africa Company, Slave Traders
MozambiquePortugal, prazeros
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
Sierra LeoneBritain, Makaia
South AfricaBritain, Zulu
Tanzania Germany, Bushiri bin Salim, Arab Slave Traders
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
1889
BeninFrance, Locals
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
EthiopiaItaly, Britain, Locals
Malawi Britain South Africa Company, Slave Traders
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
Tanzania Germany, Bushiri bin Salim, Arab Slave Traders
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
[back to top]
1890-1899
 Location*Participants
1890
BeninFrance, Locals
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
1891
CARFrance, Muhammad al-Sanusi
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
DRC Belgium, Arabs
GambiaFrance, Foda Cabbah, Mandingo, Fulani
MalawiBritain, Yao
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
1892
CARFrance, Zande
ChadRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
Côte D’Ivoire, Guinea, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
DRC Belgium, Arabs
DRCBelgium, Tippu Tip's Successor
MalawiBritain, Yao
NigeriaBritain, Aro of Eastern Igboland
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaBritain, Yoruba under Chief Ijebu
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaVarious Europeans, Locals
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
1893
Burkina Faso, Côte D’Ivoire, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
CameroonGermany, Local Schutztruppe Recruits
CARFrance, Zande
Chad, NigeriaRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Côte D’IvoireFrance, Locals
DRC Belgium, Arabs
DRCBelgium, Tippu Tip's Successor
GambiaFrance, Foda Sillah
GhanaBritain, Ashanti
MalawiBritain, Yao
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
ZimbabweBritain South Africa Company, Matabele
1894
Burkina Faso, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
CARFrance, Zande
DRC Belgium, Arabs
DRCBelgium, Local rubber “workers”
GhanaBritain, Ashanti
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MalawiBritain, Yao
MozambiquePortugal, Shangane, Ngungunyane
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
SudanItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
1895
BeninFrance, Locals
Burkina Faso, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
CARFrance, Zande
EthiopiaItaly, Ethiopia
GhanaBritain, Ashanti
Kenya Britain, Swahili, Indians, Arabs
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MalawiBritain, Ngoni
MalawiBritain, Yao
MozambiquePortugal, Gaza
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Boers
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
1896
BeninFrance, Locals
Burkina Faso, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
CARFrance, Zande
GhanaBritain, Ashanti
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
MalawiBritain, Ngoni
MozambiquePortugal, Gaza
NamibiaGermany, Herero, Mbanderu
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Boers
SudanAnglo-Egypt, Sudanese dervishes under the Khalifa
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
ZanzibarBritain, Locals
ZimbabweBritain, Matabele, Shona
1897
BeninFrance, Locals
Burkina Faso, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
MalawiBritain, Ngoni
MozambiquePortugal, Gaza
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
SudanAnglo-Egypt, Sudanese dervishes under the Khalifa
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
UgandaBritain, Locals
ZimbabweBritain, Matabele, Shona
1898
Burkina Faso, MaliFrance, Samori Touré, Locals
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
MalawiBritain, Ngoni
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaRabih Ibn Fadl Allah, Locals
Sierra LeoneBritain, Poro Secret Society, Bai Bureh
SomaliaItaly, Locals
South AfricaVenda, Locals
SudanAnglo-Egypt, Sudanese dervishes under the Khalifa
SudanFrance, Britain, Senegalese riflemen, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Hehe
UgandaBritain, Bunyoro
UgandaBritain, Locals
1899
CARFrance, Zande
ChadFrance, Rabih Ibn Fadl Allah
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
MalawiBritain, Ngoni
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaFrance, Senegalese riflemen, Locals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Boers, Locals
SudanBritain, France, Senegalese riflemen, Locals
UgandaBritain, Locals
[back to top]
1900-1909
 Location*Participants
1900
CameroonFrance, Rabih Ibn Fadl Allah
CARFrance, Zande
GhanaBritain, Ashanti
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
UgandaBritain, Locals
1901
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
NigeriaBritain, Aro
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
UgandaBritain, Locals
ZambiaBritain, Ngoni, Makanga
1902
AngolaPortugal, Kwanhama
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
NigeriaBritain, Aro
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1903
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
NigeriaBritain, Caliph Atahiru I
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaBritain, Sokoto Caliphate
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1904
CameroonGermany, Anyang
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MadagascarFrance, Malagasy
NamibiaGermany, Herero, Nama
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaBritain, Sokoto Caliphate
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1905
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
NamibiaGermany, Herero, Nama
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Maji Rebels
1906
CARFrance, Zande
EgyptBritain, Locals
KenyaBritain, Nandi
NamibiaGermany, Herero, Nama
NigerFrance, Tuareg
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
NigeriaBritain, Sokoto
SomaliaItaly, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Zulu
TanzaniaGermany, Maji Rebels
1907
AngolaPortugal, Dembos
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MoroccoFrance, Beni-Snassen
MoroccoFrance, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Maji Rebels
1908
AngolaPortugal, Dembos
CARFrance, Zande
KenyaBritain, Nandi
MoroccoFrance, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Maji Rebels
1909
AngolaPortugal, Dembos
CARFrance, Zande
ChadFrance, Wadai
MoroccoFrance, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TanzaniaGermany, Maji Rebels
[back to top]
1910-1919
 Location*Participants
1910
AngolaPortugal, Dembos
ChadFrance, Wadai
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1911
CARFrance, Zande
ChadFrance, Wadai
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MoroccoFrance, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TunisiaFrance, Locals
1912
CARFrance, Zande
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MalawiBritain, Yao
MoroccoFrance, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1913
AngolaPortugal, Locals
ChadFrance, Wadai
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MadagascarFrance, Merina Intellectuals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1914
East Africa (WW1)Britain, Germany, Belgium, Locals
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
NamibiaSouth Africa, Germany
NigeriaBritain, Aniocha
NigeriaBritain, Igbo
SomaliaItaly, Locals
South AfricaBritain, Boers, Locals
TogoFrance, Locals
1915
East Africa (WW1)Britain, Germany, Belgium, Locals
KenyaBritain, Germany
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MalawiBritain, John Chilembwe's Followers
NamibiaSouth Africa, Germany
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TunisiaFrance, Ouerghemma, Locals
1916
East Africa (WW1)Britain, Germany, Belgium, Locals
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
SomaliaItaly, Locals
SudanBritain, Darfur
TogoFrance, Borgu
TunisiaFrance, Ouerghemma, Locals
1917
East Africa (WW1)Britain, Germany, Belgium, Locals
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
SomaliaItaly, Locals
TogoFrance, Borgu
1918
East Africa (WW1)Britain, Germany, Belgium, Locals
NigeriaBritain, Egba
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1919
EgyptBritain, Locals
SomaliaItaly, Locals
[back to top]
1920-1929
 Location*Participants
1920
SomaliaItaly, Locals
1921
EgyptBritain, Locals
MoroccoFrance, Abd el-Krim's Followers
South AfricaSouth Africa, “Israelite” Church
SudanBritain, Madhi
1922
MoroccoFrance, Abd el-Krim's Followers
SudanBritain, Madhi
1923
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MoroccoFrance, Abd el-Krim's Followers
1924
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MoroccoFrance, Abd el-Krim's Followers
1925
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MoroccoFrance, Abd el-Krim's Followers
1926
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
MoroccoFrance, Abd el-Krim's Followers
1927
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
1928
CARFrance, Baya
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
1929
CARFrance, Baya
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
NigeriaBritain, women in Aba
[back to top]
1930-1939
 Location*Participants
1930
CARFrance, Baya
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
NigeriaBritain, women in Aba
1931
CARFrance, Baya
LibyaItaly, Sanusi
1934
EthiopiaItaly, Ethiopia
1935
EthiopiaItaly, Ethiopia
1936
EthiopiaItaly, Ethiopians
1938
EthiopiaItaly, Ethiopians
1939
EgyptBritain, Italy, Locals
EgyptItaly, Locals
SomaliaBritain, Italy, Locals
[back to top]
1940-1949
 Location*Participants
1940
EgyptAllied & Axis Forces, Locals
EthiopiaAllied & Axis Forces, Locals
SomaliaAllied & Axis Forces, Locals
1941
EgyptAllied & Axis Forces
EthiopiaAllied & Axis Forces
LibyaAllied & Axis Forces
SomaliaAllied & Axis Forces, Locals
1942
Algeria, TunisiaAllied & Axis Forces
EgyptAllied & Axis Forces
LibyaAllied & Axis Forces
MadagascarAllied & Axis Forces
1943
Libya, TunisiaAllied & Axis Forces
1947
MadagascarFrance, MDRM
1948
EgyptEgypt, Israel
1949
EgyptEgypt, Israel
[back to top]
1950-1959
 Location*Participants
1951
EgyptEgypt, Britain
1952
EgyptEgypt, Britain
KenyaBritain, Mau Mau
1953
KenyaBritain, Mau Mau
MoroccoMorocco, Istigal
TunisiaFrance, National Liberation Army
1954
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
KenyaBritain, Mau Mau
MoroccoMorocco, Istigal
TunisiaFrance, National Liberation Army
1955
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
KenyaBritain, Mau Mau
MoroccoMorocco, Istigal
TunisiaFrance, National Liberation Army
1956
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
EgyptEgypt, Britain, France, Israel
KenyaBritain, Mau Mau
MoroccoMorocco, Istigal
TunisiaFrance, National Liberation Army
1957
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
CameroonFrance, UPC
MauritaniaFrance, Spain, National Liberation Army
MoroccoSpain, France, National Liberation Army
1958
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
CameroonFrance, UPC
MauritaniaFrance, Spain, National Liberation Army
1959
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
CameroonFrance, UPC
[back to top]
1960-1969
  Location* Participants
1960
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
CameroonFrance, UPC
DRCZaire, Katanga
DRCZaire, Independent Mining State of South Kasai
EthiopiaEthiopia, Military faction
Ethiopia, SomaliaEthiopia, Somalia
1961
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
DRCZaire, Katanga
DRCZaire, Independent Mining State of South Kasai
TunisiaFrance, Tunisia
1962
AlgeriaFrance, FLN, MNA
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
DRCZaire, Katanga
DRCZaire, Independent Mining State of South Kasai
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
YemenYemen, Egypt, Royalists
1963
Algeria, MoroccoAlgeria, Morocco
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
YemenYemen, Egypt, Royalists
1964
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
DRCZaire, CNL
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Ethiopia, SomaliaEthiopia, Somalia
GabonGabon, France, Military faction
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
YemenYemen, Egypt, Royalists
1965
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
BurundiBurundi, Military faction
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
DRCZaire, CNL
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
YemenYemen, Egypt, Royalists
1966
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
GhanaGhana, Military factions
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
NigeriaNigeria, Military factions
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
1967
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
DRCDRC, Opposition militias
Egypt, IsraelEgypt, Israel
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
NigeriaNigeria, Republic of Biafra
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
1968
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
NigeriaNigeria, Republic of Biafra
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
1969
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
Egypt, IsraelEgypt, Israel
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
NigeriaNigeria, Republic of Biafra
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
[back to top]
1970-1979
  Location* Participants
1970
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
Egypt, IsraelEgypt, Israel
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
NigeriaNigeria, Republic of Biafra
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Sudanese Communist Party
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
1971
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MadagascarMadagascar, Monima National Independence Movement
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
1972
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Anya Nya
UgandaUganda, UPA
1973
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
Egypt, IsraelEgypt, Israel
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
Guinea-BissauPortugal, PAIGC
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
1974
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
MozambiquePortugal, Frelimo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
1975
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
MoroccoMorocco, Mauritania, Polisario
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
1976
AngolaPortugal, MPLA, FNLA, UNITA, Cuba, South Africa, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
MoroccoMorocco, Mauritania, Polisario
MozambiquePortugal, Renamo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, Islamic Charter Front
1977
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
DRCZaire, FLNC
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
MoroccoMorocco, Mauritania, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
UgandaUganda, military faction
1978
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
DRCDRC, FNLC
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
MoroccoMorocco, Mauritania, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
SomaliaSomalia, military faction
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
UgandaUganda, Libya, Tanzania, UNLA
1979
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
Equatorial GuineaEquatorial Guinea, military faction
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
MoroccoMorocco, Mauritania, Polisario
MozambiquePortugal, Renamo
RhodesiaRhodesia, ZANU, ZAPU
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
UgandaUganda, Libya, Tanzania, UNLA
[back to top]
1980-1989
 Location*Participants
1980
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
LiberiaLiberia, military faction
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
TunisiaTunisia, Résistance Armée Tunisienne
1981
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
GambiaGambia, SRLP
GhanaGhana, military faction
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, Azapo
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1982
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
KenyaKenya, military faction
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, Azapo
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1983
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
Chad, NigeriaChad, Nigeria
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, Cuba, WSLF
Ethiopia, SomaliaEthiopia, Somalia
GhanaGhana, military faction
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, Azapo
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1984
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
CameroonCameroon, military faction
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, Azapo
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1985
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
Burkina Faso, MaliBurkina Faso, Mali
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, Azapo
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1986
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, Azapo
SudanSudan, SPLM
TogoTogo, MTD
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1987
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
Burkina FasoBurkina Faso, Popular Front
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
Chad, LibyaChad, Libya
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
Ethiopia, SomaliaEthiopia, Somalia
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1988
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Various groups
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SSDF, SNM, SPM
South AfricaSouth Africa, SWAPO
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, NRA, UFM, UPM, UNRF, UFDM, UPF, UPDA, UPC, UNLA, FOBA, HSM
1989
AngolaAngola, Cuba, UNITA, South Africa, FNLA, Zaire
ChadChad, Libya, Military faction, MOSANAT, Islamic Legion
ComorosComoros, presidential guard
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ALF
LiberiaLiberia, NPFL, INPFL
Mauritania, SenegalMauritania, Senegal
MoroccoMorocco, Polisario
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, AZAPO
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, Faction of UPDA, UPA, HSM, UDCM, UPDCA
[back to top]
1990-1999
 Location*Participants
1990
AngolaAngola, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, Libya, Military faction, MOSANAT, Islamic Legion
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ALF
LiberiaLiberia,Burkina Faso
MaliMali, MPA
Mauritania, SenegalMauritania, Senegal
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
NigerNiger, FLAA
RwandaRwanda, FPR
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, AZAPO
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, Faction of UPDA, UPA, HSM, UDCM, UPDCA
1991
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, UNITA
AngolaAngola, FLEC
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
DjiboutiDjibouti, FRUD
EthiopiaEthiopia, EPRP, TPLF, EPDM, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ELF Factions, EPLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF (starts from 1989-91)
EthiopiaEthiopia, ALF
LiberiaLiberia, Burkina Faso, NPFL, INPFL
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
NigerNiger, FLAA
RwandaRwanda, FPR
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, AZAPO
SudanSudan, SPLM
UgandaUganda, Faction of UPDA, UPA, HSM, UDCM, UPDCA
1992
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
DjiboutiDjibouti, FRUD
EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
LiberiaLiberia, Burkina Faso, NPFL, INPFL
MozambiqueMozambique, Renamo
NigerNiger, FLAA
RwandaRwanda, FPR
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
South AfricaSouth Africa, ANC, PAC, AZAPO
SudanSudan, SPLM
TogoTogo, Military Faction
1993
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, UNITA
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
Congo-BrazzavilleCongo-Brazzaville, FDU
DjiboutiDjibouti, FRUD
EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
LiberiaLiberia, Burkina Faso, NPFL, INPFL
RwandaRwanda, FPR
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
1994
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, FLEC
AngolaAngola, UNITA
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
Congo-BrazzavilleCongo-Brazzaville, FDU
DjiboutiDjibouti, FRUD
EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
LiberiaLiberia, NPFL, INPFL
MaliMali, FIAA
NigerNiger, CRA
RwandaRwanda, FPR
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
1995
AngolaAngola, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
LiberiaLiberia, NPFL, INPFL
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
1996
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, FLEC
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
Cameroon, NigeriaCameroon, Nigeria
DRCAFDL, Rwanda, Angola, Congo-Zaire
EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
EthiopiaEthiopia, ONLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ARDUF
EthiopiaEthiopia, al-Itahad al-Islami
LiberiaLiberia, Ulimo-J
NigerNiger, FDR
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SomaliaSomalia, SNM , Military faction , SSDF , USC, USC faction
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
1997
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, FLEC
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
ComorosComoros, MPA
Congo-BrazzavilleFDU, Angola
DRCCongo-Zaire, AFDL, Rwanda, Angola
EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
EthiopiaEthiopia, al-Itahad al-Islami
NigerNiger, UFRA
NigerNiger, FARS
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
1998
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, FLEC
AngolaAngola, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
Congo-BrazzavilleCongo-Brazzaville, Angola, Chad, Ninjas, Cobras, Cocoyes, Ntsiloulou
DRC

Congo-Zaire, Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, Chad, RCD, RCD faction, MLC,
Rwanda, Uganda

EgyptEgypt, al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya , al-Jihad al-Islamiy, Tala i al-Fath
EthiopiaEthiopia, ONLF
Ethiopia, EritreaEthiopia, Eritrea
Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau, Senegal,Guinea, Military faction
LesothoLesotho, Military faction
RwandaRwanda, Opposition alliance
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
1999
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, Namibia, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
Congo-BrazzavilleCongo-Brazzaville, Angola, Chad, Ninjas, Cobras, Cocoyes, Ntsiloulous
DRC

Congo-Zaire, Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, Chad, RCD, RCD faction, MLC,
Rwanda, Uganda

EthiopiaEthiopia, al-Itahad al-Islami
EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ONLF
Ethiopia, EritreaEthiopia, Eritrea
Guinea-BissauGuinea-Bissau, Senegal, Guinea, Military faction
RwandaRwanda, Opposition alliance
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
[back to top]
2000-2002
 Location*Participants
2000
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, Namibia, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
DRC

Congo-Zaire, Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, RCD, RCD faction, MLC, Rwanda,
Uganda

EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ONLF
Ethiopia, EritreaEthiopia, Eritrea
GuineaGuinea, Military faction
LiberiaLiberia, LURD
RwandaRwanda, Opposition alliance
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
Sierra LeoneSierra Leone, RUF, AFRC, ECOMOG, Kamajors
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
2001
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, Namibia, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
CARCAR, Libya, Military faction
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
DRC

Congo-Zaire, Zimbabwe, Angola, Namibia, RCD, RCD faction, MLC, Rwanda,
Uganda

EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ONLF
GuineaGuinea, Military faction
LiberiaLiberia, LURD
RwandaRwanda, Opposition alliance
SenegalSenegal, MFDC
SomaliaSomalia, SRRC
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF
2002
AlgeriaAlgeria, FIS, Expiation and Sin, Exile and Redemption, The Faithful of the
Sermon, The Brigades of God, GIA, Dawa wal Jihad
AngolaAngola, FLEC
AngolaAngola, Namibia, UNITA
BurundiBurundi, Ubumwé, Palipehutu, CNDD, Frolina, CNDD-FDD
CARCAR, Libya, Forces of François Bozize
ChadChad, MDD (-FANT), CSNPD, CNR, FNT, FARF, MDJT
Congo-BrazzavilleCongo-Brazzaville, Angola, Ninjas, Cobras, Cocoyes, Ntsiloulous
EthiopiaEthiopia, OLF
EthiopiaEthiopia, ONLF
Ivory CoastIvory Coast, MPCI, MJP, MPIGO
LiberiaLiberia,LURD
RwandaRwanda, Opposition alliance
SomaliaSomalia, SRRC
SudanSudan, SPLM, Faction of SPLM, NDA
UgandaUganda, LRA, WNBF, ADF

* Location relative to modern national boundaries.

[back to top]
Creative Commons License © 2004-2008 Nancy Jacobs and Rolando Peñate.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons License.